Product
|
Safety
|
Anti-
|
Sludge
|
Suppressing
|
%
|
Odor
|
Ratio (lbs.)
|
Required
|
Odor
|
|
Sulfreeª |
No hazard
|
No
|
None
|
Chemical
|
90+
|
Stable
|
1 LB./lb.
|
15 mins.
|
10 days
|
|
Chlorine MoreInfo
|
corrosive
|
Yes
|
No
|
Oxidizer
|
Not Efficient
|
3 hr. suppression
|
8.4 chlorine/ lb.
|
1-3 hrs.
|
3 hrs.
|
|
Ferric Chloride MoreInfo
|
corrosive & acidic |
Yes
|
Yes- large amount
|
Oxidizer/ Precipitator
|
40
|
Suppresses what reacts
|
11.5 lbs.FECL3/ lb.
|
1-3 hrs.
|
Limited suppression
|
|
Ferrous Chloride
|
corrosive & acidic
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Precipitator
|
40
|
Stable
|
3.7 lbs. FECL2/ lb.
|
1-3 hrs.
|
same as above
|
|
Ferrous Sulfate
|
corrosive & acidic
|
unknown
|
Yes
|
Precipitator
|
40
|
Stable
|
2.75 lbs. FESO4/ lb.
|
1-3 hrs.
|
same as above
|
|
Hydrogen Peroxide
|
Oxidizer, Extreme fire hazard
|
Yes
|
No
|
Oxidizer
|
unknown
|
3 hr. suppression
|
1.8-7.2 lbs.H202/lb.
|
1-3 hrs.
|
3 hrs.
|
|
Oxygen
|
oxidizer
|
Yes
|
No
|
Oxidizer
|
unknown
|
Suppresses for hrs.
|
3 lbs./ lb.
|
2 hrs.
|
3 hrs.
|
|
Sodium Nitrate,Calcium Nitrate MoreInfo |
oxidizer
|
Yes
|
No
|
Oxidizer
|
unknown
|
Suppresses for 8 hrs.
|
7 lbs./ lb.
|
1-2 hrs.
|
8 hrs.
|
|
Nitrazyme
|
oxidizer
|
Yes
|
No
|
Oxidizer
|
unknown
|
Suppresses for 8 hrs.
|
9 lbs./ lb.
|
1-2 hrs.
|
8hrs.
|
|
Thioguard mag./ hyd
|
Corrosive to skin
|
No
|
Yes & scaling
|
pH Control
|
44
|
Depends on agitation/pH
|
3/4 lb./ lb.
|
3 hrs.
|
8 hrs.
|
|
Calcium Hyd/ slurry
|
Corrosive to skin
|
No
|
Yes & Scaling
|
pH Control
|
40-50
|
Stable
|
5.5 lbs./ lb.
|
3 hrs.
|
8 hrs.
|
|
Potassium Permanganate
|
Oxidizer, Fire hazard & staining
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Oxidizer
|
Not Efficient
|
Suppresses for hrs.
|
17 lbs./ lb
|
3 hrs.
|
7 hrs.
|
|
Ferric Chloride negatives: 1. It is an acid adding to wastewater that holds more Hydrogen Sulfide when it is base. 2. It adds Chloride and Electrical Conductivity to any wastewater that is treated with it, meaning all wastewater has more salts in it. For municipalities that reuse water or inject it into groundwater, this means more saltiness to the water. 3. Ferric Chloride adds ten percent or more to the weight of sludges. 4. Large quantities must be added to accomplish the goal of Sulfide reduction. 5. Peroxide must be added as well, doubling the cost, or the wastewater turns to mud for the amount necessary. 6. Ferric ion reduction by Ferrous Sulfide and Sulfur contribute to poorer sludge flocs and therefore more sludge, less density and more water in the sludge. 7. More difficult to de-water sludges. 8. Adds color to water and sludge. 9. No capacity in case of higher loading factor. Any increase in Sulfide concentration cannot be adjusted by additions of more Ferric Chloride partly because you are already adding so much. 10. Hazardous Material ÐcorrosiveÑclassified as an acid. 11. Requires large tanks and specialized handling because it requires large volumes. 12. Limited points of addition of product, because of large volumes needed and limited acesses for materials. 13. Sludging of waste lines. 14. Large addition ratesÑ40mg/l compared to 2-3mg/l Sulfree 15. Stains concrete, plastic and metal. 16. Cannot be sprayed or misted. 17. Causes Corrosion of pipes and equipment By comparison with Sulfreeª: 1. On the base side, instead of adding acidÑbetter for Hydrogen Sulfide control. 2. Sulfree produces no Electrical Conductivity (EC) to downstream wastewater. 3. Sulfree contributes no sludge volume. 4. Low addition ratesÑ5 gallons compared to 120 gallons. 5. Sulfree encourages denser flocks. 6. At use levels, adds no color to the wastewater and no turbidity. 7. Extra capacity in case of higher loading capacity. Can even work catalytically in aerobic systems, allowing removal rates at up to 40 molecules per molecule. 8. No Hazard class. Safe and not regulated. 9. Low addition rates mean small footprint for equipment. 10. Sulfree can be added at any point in the system. 11. Decreases Corrosion. 12. Can be safely sprayed at low concentration to control gaseous emission due to splash transfer and turbulent flow. Top |
Chlorine and Hypochlorite negative: 1. Dry Chlorine requires special handling equipment 2. Specialized Tanks and Permitting required 3. Specialized scrubbers required by OSHA for every addition point 4. Specialized safety protocols and chemical gear 5. Addition points limited to delivery equipment and danger 6. Cheap chemical, with expensive equipment and great danger 7. Active for minutes to about 4 hours. 8. Chlorine lowers the pH of wastewater. 9. Aerobic Digestors blow Chlorine out of the solution often rendering it ineffective at controlling odors. The only answer is adding more and more ChlorineÑa never ending cycle. 10. Being a gas dissolved in water it has limited ability to fight waterbourne odors 11. Kills friendly bacteria 12. Reacts with everything 13. Adds to the Electric Conductivity of wastewater (EC factor) 14. Non-specific chemical requiring large excesses to treat odors and wastes 15. Hypochorite and Chlorine react producing acid in the oxidation process. Hydrogen 16. Can oxidize organic nitrogen molecules all the way to nitrates By Comparison to Sulfreeª: 1. No special handling equipmentÑrather, Sulfree eliminates the need for it. 2. No special tanks Ñlow addition rates mean that drums replace tanks 3. No special permitting 4. No scrubbing sytems required 5. Safety protocolsÑonly general safety like wearing gloves and goggles 6. Addition points not limited by expensive equipment, can be dispensed anywhere in the system 7. Cheaper than BleachÑwith no danger 8. Active for hours to days 9. Increases pH of wastewaterÑincreasing the solubility of Hydrogen Sulfide while it reacts 10. Effective in aerobic digestorsÑaerosol of product scrubs the air above the liquid. Heavy vapor covers the solution of aerobic digestors and ponds 11. Sulfree can act on air, water or even solids, removing odors safely 12. Sulfree at use concentrations does not kill bacteria 13. Reacts specifically with odor chemicals and sulfur compounds 14. Adds no Electrical Conductivity (EC) to water 15. Chemical specific molecules lead to low addition ratesÑbetter for the environment Top |
Sodium Nitrate & Calcium Nitrate negative: 1. Adds Nitrates to Wastewater 2. Nitrates regulated in wastewaterÑby 2010 wastewater must be below 10 ppm in discharge 3. Nitrates are pervasive and persistent chemicals 4. Nitrates may or may not be used as an oxygen source for bacteria 5. High addition ratesÑrecommended at 10 ppm 6. Expensive compared to Ferric Chloride 7. Not a viable chemical oxidizer 8. Used primarily to lower gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide in lift stations 9. States in literature that it does not chemically remove Hydrogen Sulfide 10. Not an antidote for Hydrogen Sulfide poisoning of bacteria 11. Not normally used in general treatment process 12. Does not claim to remove odors, only to assist biological processes to remove odors 13. Site specific odor reduction 14. Not used alone in treatment processesÑbasically because of the cost, the treatment rate, and the nitrate contamination level. 15. Generally unsure of effectiveness overall. 16. Non-regulated 17. Safety compared to others 18. Source of oxygen in anaerobic systemsÑgood in aerobic digestion, bad for anaerobic digestors. 19. Raises pH of wastewater Comparison to Sulfreeª: 1. Contains no Nitrates 2. Biodegrades in anaerobic digestors over time 3. Not an oxidizer, but increases dissolved oxygen levels in aerobic digestors 4. Sulfree does not kill bacteria, though it may enhance aerobic bacteria 5. Produces no sludge, and no residue 6. Low addition ratesÑone customer uses 2 gal Sulfree instead of 100+ gallons Bioxide 7. Sulfree is cheaper than Bioxide treatment 8. Sulfree can be used in lift stations, in ponds, in aerobic and anaerobic digestore, at the headworks, and in chemical scrubbers. 9. Sulfree can also be atomized for treatment of headspace 10. Chemically reacts with Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfur compounds 11. Can be used as both a treatment for lift stations and for general odor removal 12. Sulfree can eliminate other odors such as mercaptans, ammonia, and general stinkiness 13. Sulfree is very effective and quickÑodor reduction results in 15 minutes or less 14. Non-regulated 15. As safe or safer than nitrates. 16. Low addition rates mean lower costs and lesser environmental issues 17. Raises pH of wastewater Top |